It is harâm for men to look between a man’s navel and knees. It is permissible for them to look at his other parts without lust. It is permissible for a man to look at his wife and at his own jâriyas from head to foot even with lust, and also for them to look at him likewise.

A man’s awrat parts are between his navel and his knees in three Madhhabs. In Hanafî Madhhab the knees are awrat. The navel is not awrat. In Shâfi’î Madhhab the navel is awrat and the knees are not. In Mâlikî Madhhab none of them is awrat. It is stated in Mizân-ul-kubrâ that according to one explanation in Mâlikî and Hanbalî Madhhabs a man’s saw’atayn are his awrat only. Because there is no ijmâ’ (unanimity of savants), he who does not cover his thighs and pays no attention will be secure against being a disbeliever. Also, the Shiites’ awrat is their saw’atayn only.

A man, if he feels secure of lust, can look at the heads, faces, necks, arms, legs below the knees of the eighteen women who are harâm for him to marry by nikâh and of others’ jâriyas. He cannot look at their breasts, at spaces under their arms, at their flanks, thighs, knees or upper parts of their back. These parts of women are also called (ghalîz), that is, Qaba awrat. Every woman must cover these parts with thick cloth so that their colour and shapes will not be seen when performing namâz, and the cloth must be ample so that their shapes will not resemble their origin when she is among men. Jâriyas can perform namâz without covering their parts that are permissible to be seen.

Those who die as a result of drowning, burning, of destitution, or from being crushed under a collapsing wall or other building, those who die of diarrhoea, of plague [or another hectic disease], during lochia, of an epileptic fit, on a Friday night, [which is the night between Thursday and Friday], or on a Friday, or while learning, teaching or propagating religious knowledge, those who fall in love and die in their efforts to suppress their love and protect their chastity, those who die during unjust imprisonment, those who die while serving as a muadhdhin for Allah’s sake, while trading as commanded by the Sharî’a or while working and earning halâl so that their household will learn religious knowledge and worship, those who say the prayer, “Allâhumma bârik lî fi-l-mawt wa fî-mâ ba’d al-mawt,” twenty-five times every day, those who perform the salât of Duhâ, those who fast three days each month, those who do not neglect their salât of witr while travelling, those who say the prayer, “Lâ ilâha illâ anta subhânaka innî kuntu min-az-zâlîmîn,” forty times on their deathbed, those who read the Sûrat-al Yasîn every night, those who go to bed with ablution and then die, those who always make mudârâ, [which means to dissimulate, to give away what is worldly in order to protect one’s faith], those who bring groceries and sell them cheaply, those who make ghusl in cold weather and become ill and die, those who say the prayer “A’ûdhu billâh-is-samî’il’alîmi min-ash-shaytân-ir-rajîm,” three times and the last part of the sûrat-al-Hashr every morning and every evening; all these people become martyrs of the Hereafter.