Times at whıch it ıs makrûh tahrîmî to perform a salât are three. They are called “Karahat time”. A salât is not sahîh (valid) if it is fard and is started at one of these times. If it is supererogatory, it will be sahîh but makrûh tahrîmî. Supererogatory prayers begun at these times must be stopped and performed later (qadâ). These three times are the period of sunrise, that of sunset and the period when the sun is at zawâl, i. e. at midday. In this sense, the period of sunrise begins when the upper edge of the sun is seen on the horizon and ends when it shines too brightly to be looked at, i. e. , at the time of ishrâq; the period of sunset in a dustfree, smogless, clear sky begins when the sun or the places where its light emanates become yellow enough to be looked at, and ends as it sinks (at the horizon). This time is termed isfirâr-i-shams. In calculations, the time of ishrâq has been taken forward by the addition of Tamkin as a precaution, but the time of isfirâr has not been changed. “To perform salât at midday” means that the first or the last rak’a of it is performed at midday. This fact is written in Ibn ’Âbidîn, and in the annotation of Marâqil-falâh, by Tahtâwî.

Percentage of ecliptic part 132%

North America excluding the eastern part, Oceania, Russia, Asia, Middle East, North Scandinavia, Eastern Europe.