SOME MUSLIM SCHOLARS (I)

Muhammad bin Hasan Ibni Heythem explored the laws concerning the reflection of light in mirrors. Europeans call him Alhazem. He was born in Basra in 354 [965], and died in Egypt in 430 [1039]. He wrote about a hundred books on mathematics, physics and medicine, and most of his books were translated into European languages. ’Alî bin Abilhazm, from Turkistan, was a doctor. His books, which explain his findings in the medical science, have been a valuable source in this branch of science. He was the first to draw a diagram of the circulation of blood in the lungs. Also, he was a deep savant in Islamic knowledge. He was well known by the name Ibn-un-Nafîs; he was born in Qarsh in Turkistan in 607 [1210], and died in Egypt in 687. The famous Muslim surgeon ’Amr ibni ’Abdurrahmân Kirmânî used to perform surgical operations in the hospitals of Andalusia. He died there in 458 [1066].

Abû Bakr Muhammad bin Zakariyyâ Râdî was a great medical doctor in Islam. He was the first to perform an eye operation with scientific methods. He wrote almost a hundred books, of which Kitâb-ul-hâwî, Bar-us-sâ’a and others are proof of his service to the field of medicine. In Europe he is known by the name Rhazes. He was born in the city of Rey in 240 [854], and died in Baghdad in 311 [923]. After receiving his medical education in Baghdad, he became a specialist. He wrote valuable books on medicine and on chemistry, too. [Abû Bakr Ahmad bin ’Alî Râdî is another personality, and he was a scholar of Fiqh in the Hanafî Madhhab. He died in 730, in Baghdad.]